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Glossary

Common Malayalam terms you’ll meet on these pages. Spellings are romanised and vary; pronunciations are approximate.

  • Sadya (സദ്യ): a feast; the celebratory banana-leaf banquet.
  • Oottu / Choru: a meal; cooked rice.
  • Ela: the banana leaf used as a plate.
  • Athithi: guest; the root of the deep hospitality custom.
  • Mathi (മതി): “enough”; said to decline a refill.
  • Parippu: dal (lentils), the opening course, eaten with ghee (ney).
  • Sambar: a tamarind-and-lentil vegetable stew.
  • Rasam: a thin, tangy, peppery soup eaten over rice.
  • Avial: mixed vegetables in coconut and yoghurt.
  • Thoran: finely chopped vegetables stir-fried with grated coconut.
  • Olan: ash gourd and beans in a mild coconut-milk gravy.
  • Kaalan: a thick yoghurt-and-coconut curry with yam or plantain.
  • Kichadi / Pachadi: yoghurt-based sides, savoury and slightly sweet respectively.
  • Pulissery / Moru: a cooling yoghurt or buttermilk curry, eaten late in the meal.
  • Pappadam: a crisp, thin fried wafer.
  • Upperi: banana chips; Sharkara upperi: jaggery-coated banana chips.
  • Puli inji: a sweet-sour-spicy ginger-tamarind relish.
  • Payasam: the sweet pudding that finishes a sadya.
  • Appam: a soft, lacy fermented rice pancake.
  • Pathiri: a Malabar rice-flour flatbread.
  • Kanji: rice porridge; Nombu kanji: the spiced porridge of Ramadan.
  • Biryani: layered spiced rice and meat; the Malabar/Thalassery style is celebrated.
  • Sulaimani: a light, spiced black tea, often after a rich meal.